Walkthrough / Tutorial Video
Heart Cycle Extra Credit Video
Monday, November 16, 2015
Sheep Heart Dissection Lab
Questions
1. What is the purpose of the pericardium?
It is the outermost layer surrounding the heart, like a sac. It serves to protect the heart
2. Observe the blood vessels connecting to heart. How do arteries differ from the veins in their structure?
Veins are smaller. Arteries carries blood away from the heart and vein bring blood to the heart.
3) What function do you think the auricle serves?
The auricle flaps are placed inside the left and right atrium to increase the capacity of the atria.
4) Q: Observe the external structures of the atrias and ventricles. What are the differences?
A:The walls of the ventricles are thicker and more muscular than those of the atria. The right ventricles is the depository for deoxygenated blood from the right atrium. The job of this ventricle is to pump the blood to the lungs so that it can obtain oxygen. The left ventricles is the powerhouse of the heart.
6) (Draw a) picture of the tricuspid valve, including chordae tendineae and the papillary muscle.
7) Why is the “anchoring” of the heart valves by the chordae tendineae and the papillary muscle important to the heart function?
When the heart contracts, the pressure on the valve flaps by blood is counteracted on by the chordae tendinae, anchoring the flaps closed. This keeps blood from flowing backwards through the circulatory system.
8) Using pictures / words, describe what you see after making a cut from the pulmonary veins to the left atrium.
From top to bottom of picture
- bicuspid / mitral / left atrioventricular valve
- chordae tendinae
- papillary muscles
9. What is the function of the semi-lunar valves?
The semilunar valves stop blood from flowing back into the heart from the pulmonary artery and aorta.
10. Valvular heart disease is when one of the heart valves does not work properly. Improperly functioning heart valves can lead to regurgitation, which is the backflow of blood through a leaky value. Ultimately this can lead to congestive heart failure, a condition that can be life threatening.
a) If the valve disease occurs on the right side of the heart, it results in swelling in the feet and ankles. Why might this happen?
heart disease on the right side of the heart damages the inferior and superior vena cavas, thus blocking the path of blood back to the heart. The pressure will eventually build and cause the veins to expand to compensate.
b) If the valve disease occurs on the left side of the heart, what complications would you expect to see?
Fatigue, soreness, or, in extreme cases, death of tissue that is not able to acquire oxygenated blood due to damage to the pulmonary vein, on the left side of the heart.
11. Using pictures / words, describe what you see after opening the cut from the anterior aorta wall to the apex of the left ventricle.
green - aortic semilunar valve
red - chordae tendinae (bicuspid valve) [the strings]
white - papillary muscle (bicuspid valve) [the lumps of muscles, base of chordae tendinae]
12. Describe how the left and right sides of the heart differ from each other.
The left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it to the rest of the body through the aorta, and thus its myocardium is larger and thicker than the right side, which receives deoxygenated blood from the body, and only has to pump it a short way to the lungs.
13. Draw and label all structures visible in the interior of the cross-section.
1) Right Atrium
2) Tricuspid Valve
3) Right Ventricle
4) Left Arium
5) Bicuspid Valve
6) Left Ventricle
7) Chordae Tendinae
8) Papillary Muscles
9) Interventriclar Septum
1. What is the purpose of the pericardium?
It is the outermost layer surrounding the heart, like a sac. It serves to protect the heart
2. Observe the blood vessels connecting to heart. How do arteries differ from the veins in their structure?
Veins are smaller. Arteries carries blood away from the heart and vein bring blood to the heart.
3) What function do you think the auricle serves?
The auricle flaps are placed inside the left and right atrium to increase the capacity of the atria.
4) Q: Observe the external structures of the atrias and ventricles. What are the differences?
A:The walls of the ventricles are thicker and more muscular than those of the atria. The right ventricles is the depository for deoxygenated blood from the right atrium. The job of this ventricle is to pump the blood to the lungs so that it can obtain oxygen. The left ventricles is the powerhouse of the heart.
6) (Draw a) picture of the tricuspid valve, including chordae tendineae and the papillary muscle.
7) Why is the “anchoring” of the heart valves by the chordae tendineae and the papillary muscle important to the heart function?
When the heart contracts, the pressure on the valve flaps by blood is counteracted on by the chordae tendinae, anchoring the flaps closed. This keeps blood from flowing backwards through the circulatory system.
8) Using pictures / words, describe what you see after making a cut from the pulmonary veins to the left atrium.
From top to bottom of picture
- bicuspid / mitral / left atrioventricular valve
- chordae tendinae
- papillary muscles
9. What is the function of the semi-lunar valves?
The semilunar valves stop blood from flowing back into the heart from the pulmonary artery and aorta.
10. Valvular heart disease is when one of the heart valves does not work properly. Improperly functioning heart valves can lead to regurgitation, which is the backflow of blood through a leaky value. Ultimately this can lead to congestive heart failure, a condition that can be life threatening.
a) If the valve disease occurs on the right side of the heart, it results in swelling in the feet and ankles. Why might this happen?
heart disease on the right side of the heart damages the inferior and superior vena cavas, thus blocking the path of blood back to the heart. The pressure will eventually build and cause the veins to expand to compensate.
b) If the valve disease occurs on the left side of the heart, what complications would you expect to see?
Fatigue, soreness, or, in extreme cases, death of tissue that is not able to acquire oxygenated blood due to damage to the pulmonary vein, on the left side of the heart.
11. Using pictures / words, describe what you see after opening the cut from the anterior aorta wall to the apex of the left ventricle.
green - aortic semilunar valve
red - chordae tendinae (bicuspid valve) [the strings]
white - papillary muscle (bicuspid valve) [the lumps of muscles, base of chordae tendinae]
12. Describe how the left and right sides of the heart differ from each other.
The left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it to the rest of the body through the aorta, and thus its myocardium is larger and thicker than the right side, which receives deoxygenated blood from the body, and only has to pump it a short way to the lungs.
13. Draw and label all structures visible in the interior of the cross-section.
1) Right Atrium
2) Tricuspid Valve
3) Right Ventricle
4) Left Arium
5) Bicuspid Valve
6) Left Ventricle
7) Chordae Tendinae
8) Papillary Muscles
9) Interventriclar Septum
Thursday, November 12, 2015
Unit 3 Reflection
This unit was mainly focused on, what I feel to be, the memorization and understanding of the circulatory system. The circulatory system, also sometimes called the cardiovascular system, is the system that is an umbrella category for the main organs regulating blood flow, and the blood's functions. The first organ that comes to mind is probably the heart, because it is the main, shall we say, checkpoint of the blood stream, and also functions as a pump, which creates the flow of blood throughout the body. As its myocardium layer contracts, it creates pressure (using valves) which then immediately dissipates with the movement of blood through its channels, such as arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and then veins back to the heart.In these channels, atherosclerosis can occur. Atherosclerosis is the buildup of plaque on the walls of these channels, caused by excessive amounts of LDL (low-density lipoproteins). This buildup can cause sections to be blocked off, and if the blockaded section is important enough, like the coronary artery to the heart, essential organs may be damaged and eventually die, killing the organism in the process. That is the true root of heart diseases and even strokes.
Heart Chalk Walk Video
To maintain and manage my personal cardiovascular health, I will workout with more cardiovascular exercises, and eat less saturated / trans fats, to keep the LDL in my bloodstream low. What I wanted to delve deeper into this unit was how these fatty deposits actually made their way into the bloodstream, as we have only covered the lungs and how it injects oxygen into the red blood cells.This unit was filled semi-new terms, and thus I spent more time than usual studying notes and the like. Even after this though, the sections I knew were the most complex, and least discussed, were on the test itself (like the type of test used to diagnose specific cases). I should begin studying earlier and review notes and what activities were done in class every other day, at least.
Sunday, November 8, 2015
Monday Wellness (Tuesday 11/3) Reflection
Usually the people that go to a conference, seminar, or other type of presentation as audience members are the ones that expect to learn. The irony is that the host- in this case the presenter(s)- have most likely learned more about themselves, in aspects such as work ethic, time management, and organizational methods, and the topic in question than any audience members engaged in passive listening.
During the initial stages of our planning, we were mainly focused on getting a topic that would be the most supported by scientific evidence, because of the 40 minute lecture time that was given to us to fill. The thing is, when we factored in the “commonality” portion of the assignment- where the topic chosen should be either “something you already do to feel well or something that you are interested in learning more about” (from the instructions)- there were very few options that had, by itself, a multitude of effects that could be easily backed up with scientific facts. Thus we switched our criteria to a topic most relatable to the current unit, and also had connections to other aspects of life. In summation, we chose “relatability”, like the Relate and Reviews you have us do in class to increase our absorption of the material, as our main motivator for choosing jump rope.
Jumping rope, and just jumping in general, has many interesting and often overlooked qualities. It was remarkable how a single exercise was able to demonstrate three organs that could adapt to the stress that was placed upon them: the heart, the lungs (specifically the diaphragm), and bones. The heart becoming larger through cardiovascular exercise is honestly something that didn’t expect. Upon further research, though, I was stopped in my tracks with unanswered questions (like: can the heart grow big enough to be a problem as it is surrounded, in part, by the lungs?) because of the restrictions on scientific papers. One of the most important points, though, that I may not have emphasized sufficiently, is the improvement in coordination that jumping rope can do for your efficiency and precision of movement. The habit of staying on your toes is one I frequently neglect, and thus feel the effects of the most, as a badminton and ultimate frisbee player.
After the presentation concluded and I looked up to the clock to confirm the time, I was demoralized at only just reaching the thirty minute mark. During run throughs of our presentation (with my double lecture), we averaged at around thirty five minutes without any people responding to our questions, so I naturally assumed that we would break the 40 minute margin during the actual presentation. Unfortunately, I spoke too quickly under stress and cut down the time by a substantial margin. All in all, I feel that the live presentation deserved a 9 / 10 or maybe even a 8.5 / 10.
Initially, there were some activities and secondary engagement tools that I planned to incorporate, but during the week prior to our presentation, we quickly realized that it would be near impossible to develop them to the point where they would look professional during the actual presentation, and thus had to cut them out. This included a jump rope activity demonstrating the “talk test” where we would have split the class into two teams, and provided them with questions from Unit 3, as a review for the test.
During the initial stages of our planning, we were mainly focused on getting a topic that would be the most supported by scientific evidence, because of the 40 minute lecture time that was given to us to fill. The thing is, when we factored in the “commonality” portion of the assignment- where the topic chosen should be either “something you already do to feel well or something that you are interested in learning more about” (from the instructions)- there were very few options that had, by itself, a multitude of effects that could be easily backed up with scientific facts. Thus we switched our criteria to a topic most relatable to the current unit, and also had connections to other aspects of life. In summation, we chose “relatability”, like the Relate and Reviews you have us do in class to increase our absorption of the material, as our main motivator for choosing jump rope.
Jumping rope, and just jumping in general, has many interesting and often overlooked qualities. It was remarkable how a single exercise was able to demonstrate three organs that could adapt to the stress that was placed upon them: the heart, the lungs (specifically the diaphragm), and bones. The heart becoming larger through cardiovascular exercise is honestly something that didn’t expect. Upon further research, though, I was stopped in my tracks with unanswered questions (like: can the heart grow big enough to be a problem as it is surrounded, in part, by the lungs?) because of the restrictions on scientific papers. One of the most important points, though, that I may not have emphasized sufficiently, is the improvement in coordination that jumping rope can do for your efficiency and precision of movement. The habit of staying on your toes is one I frequently neglect, and thus feel the effects of the most, as a badminton and ultimate frisbee player.
After the presentation concluded and I looked up to the clock to confirm the time, I was demoralized at only just reaching the thirty minute mark. During run throughs of our presentation (with my double lecture), we averaged at around thirty five minutes without any people responding to our questions, so I naturally assumed that we would break the 40 minute margin during the actual presentation. Unfortunately, I spoke too quickly under stress and cut down the time by a substantial margin. All in all, I feel that the live presentation deserved a 9 / 10 or maybe even a 8.5 / 10.
Initially, there were some activities and secondary engagement tools that I planned to incorporate, but during the week prior to our presentation, we quickly realized that it would be near impossible to develop them to the point where they would look professional during the actual presentation, and thus had to cut them out. This included a jump rope activity demonstrating the “talk test” where we would have split the class into two teams, and provided them with questions from Unit 3, as a review for the test.
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